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Engineering Timber

WOODS
Engineering timbers are composite constructions of wood and high strength adhesive. Wood particles, strands or veneers are locked into a laminated structure, which is dimensionally stable and durable. These materials are used in a variety of combinations to produce lightweight structures, engineered to precise requirements.

Properties
Engineering timbers utilise the high strength and stability of laminated wood. The visual and mechanical properties are affected by the type of wood, adhesive and method of production. Examples include laminated strand lumber (LSL), oriented strand board (OSB), medium density fiberboard (MDF), plywood and I-beams. It is possible to produce flame retardant and water resistant grades.

Processing
Engineering timbers are produced as lumber, sheet and panel materials, which are cut to size. Many are produced by compression moulding with heat and pressure. Therefore, it is possible to mould finished parts with integrated profiles, ribs and other design details. An example of this is the compressed wood pallet, which is produced using the same ingredients as OSB and so has a similar visual appearance.

There is nothing new about bonding two or more layers of wood together to form a laminate. However, as a result of developing stronger, more water-resistant and temperature durable adhesives, lighter and more reliable structures can now be engineered in laminated wood and so greater creative opportunities have arisen in design.

Engineering timber parts are typically joined by mechanical fixings (rivets or bolts) and adhesive bonding. Suitable finishing processes include polishing and spray painting. For indoor applications no protective coatings are necessary and in such cases engineering timbers are often left 'exposed' to maintain their visual appearance.

Relevant Applications
Bike Frames
Over the years many concept engineering timber bike frames have emerged from design schools and competitions. Laminated and compressed wood cannot compete with high performance plastic composites for strength to weight. However, they do offer a more sustainable alternative, provided they are designed and specified using suitable materials and processes.

Bike Furniture
Engineering timbers are suitable for bike furniture in both the domestic and public environments, except in security applications due to the ease with which they can be cut through.